{"id":4375,"date":"2024-10-25T16:11:32","date_gmt":"2024-10-25T16:11:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/?post_type=answer&#038;p=4375"},"modified":"2025-01-27T12:09:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T12:09:53","slug":"%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e6%95%8f%e6%84%9f%e4%b8%aa%e4%ba%ba%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af","status":"publish","type":"answer","link":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/%e7%ad%94%e6%a1%88\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e6%95%8f%e6%84%9f%e4%b8%aa%e4%ba%ba%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u654f\u611f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f (SPI)\uff1f\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#what-makes-certain-data-or-categories-sensitive\">\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8ba9\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6216\u7c7b\u522b\u53d8\u5f97\u201c\u654f\u611f\u201d\u5462\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-does-spi-differ-from-pii\">SPI \u4e0e PII \u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#what-are-the-legal-implications-of-handling-spi-differently\">\u533a\u522b\u5904\u7406 SPI \u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u54ea\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-is-biometric-data-classified-spi-or-pii\">\u751f\u7269\u8bc6\u522b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\uff08SPI \u6216 PII\uff09\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#conclusion\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-makes-certain-data-or-categories-sensitive\">\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8ba9\u67d0\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6216\u7c7b\u522b\u53d8\u5f97\u201c\u654f\u611f\u201d\u5462\uff1f&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u98ce\u9669\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u654f\u611f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u654f\u611f\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u6b3a\u8bc8\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u76d7\u7a83\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6b64\u7c7b\u8054\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u654f\u611f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u9690\u79c1\u65b9\u9762\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u8bb0\u5f55\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u6216\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5bc6\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u516c\u5f00\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u654f\u611f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u9650\u5236\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"answers-tip-box mt-8 mt-lg-10\">\n<div class=\"answers-small-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"answers-small-description mt-4\">\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u65bd\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u00a0\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:72px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-does-spi-differ-from-pii\">SPI \u4e0e PII \u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>SPI \u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/%e7%ad%94%e6%a1%88\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e4%b8%aa%e4%ba%ba%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af-pii\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/answers\/what-is-personally-identifiable-information-pii\/\"> PII\uff08\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/a> \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e SPI \u6bd4 PII \u66f4\u654f\u611f\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u5c24\u5176\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cSPI \u662f PII \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SPI \u5305\u542b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b67\u89c6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u5bb3\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 SPI \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6b64\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u9700\u8981\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u989d\u5916\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u52a0\u5bc6\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002PII \u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5982\u6b64\u5f3a\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u4ecd\u7136\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u8db3\u591f\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"answers-tip-box mt-8 mt-lg-10\">\n<div class=\"answers-small-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u00a0\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"answers-small-description mt-4\">\n\n\u5c06\u6240\u6709 PII \u89c6\u4e3a\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b9e\u65bd\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u5e76\u975e SPI\u3002\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:72px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-are-the-legal-implications-of-handling-spi-differently\">\u533a\u522b\u5904\u7406 SPI \u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u54ea\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u59a5\u5584\u5904\u7406 SPI \u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u56fa\u7136\u503c\u5f97\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u4e1a\u52a1\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u60a8\u5904\u7406 SPI \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u60a8\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u58f0\u8a89\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u5bf9\u60a8\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u60a8\u6240\u5728\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u533a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u9075\u5b88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<br><br>SPI \u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u6784\u6210\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5f53\u5730\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9075\u5b88\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6cd5\u89c4\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\uff0c\u540e\u679c\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u5211\u4e8b\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u7f5a\u6b3e\u548c\u5904\u7f5a\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"answers-tip-box mt-8 mt-lg-10\">\n<div class=\"answers-small-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u00a0\n\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"answers-small-description mt-4\">\n\n\u7814\u7a76\u60a8\u6240\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u533a\u7684 SPI \u6cd5\u5f8b\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u6709\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8058\u8bf7\u4e00\u4f4d\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6709\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u987e\u95ee\u3002\u00a0\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:72px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-is-biometric-data-classified-spi-or-pii\">\u751f\u7269\u8bc6\u522b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\uff08SPI \u6216 PII\uff09\uff1f&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u751f\u7269\u8bc6\u522b\u4fe1\u606f\u65e2\u5c5e\u4e8e SPI\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e PII\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a SPI \u662f PII \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7531\u4e8e\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u5bb3\u800c\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a SPI\uff0c\u4f46\u751f\u7269\u8bc6\u522b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u9700\u8981\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u7269\u8bc6\u522b\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b83\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96f6\u4fe1\u4efb\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u53ea\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4eba\u5458\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5f3a\u51ed\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/%e7%ad%94%e6%a1%88\/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af-gdpr\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/answers\/what-is-gdpr\/\">GDPR<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/%e7%ad%94%e6%a1%88\/ccpa%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/answers\/what-is-ccpa\/\">CCPA<\/a>\u4ee5\u53ca\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6cd5\u89c4\u5c06\u5b9a\u4e49 SPI \u5e76\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u5728\u9075\u5b88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5904\u7406\u751f\u7269\u8bc6\u522b\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u63a7\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u654f\u611f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1 SPI \u4fdd\u62a4\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\u89e3\u6cd5\u89c4\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u60a8\u907f\u514d\u4e8b\u6545\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:72px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u5927\u635f\u5bb3\uff0cSPI \u9700\u8981\u6bd4 PII \u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3001\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6cd5\u89c4\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u56e0\u60a8\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u5730\u70b9\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u89c4\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9632\u6b62\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u6240\u6709 PII\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u201c\u654f\u611f\u201d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6570\u636e\u534f\u8bae\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b8c\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fdb\u884c\u5a01\u80c1\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What makes certain data or categories &#8216;sensitive&#8217;?&nbsp; Generally speaking, you\u2019ll know if data is sensitive if the risks associated with it being exposed are higher. While sensitive personal information may be linked to fraud, identity theft, and other cyber security threats, the absence of such links does not guarantee security.&nbsp; Data that is categorized as [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":4376,"template":"","answers_category":[22],"class_list":["post-4375","answer","type-answer","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","answers_category-legal-and-ethical-considerations"],"acf":{"image":null,"card_image":4376,"content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"header_section","title":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u654f\u611f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f (SPI)\uff1f","descriptions":"Sensitive Personal Information (also known as SPI), refers to personal information that is sensitive by nature and can usually identify a specific individual. SPI is varied, but it can include aspects such as:\r\n\r\n\u2022 Race and ethnicity\r\n\r\n\u2022 Religious and political views\r\n\r\n\u2022 Trade union membership status\r\n\r\n\u2022 Biometric data\r\n\r\nSPI can also include whether a user has a criminal record, their sexual orientation, genetic information, and various other data elements. Considering the potential for privacy breaches associated with SPI, additional safeguards are crucial for mitigating risks. The CCPA, GDPR, and other data protection laws have stringent guidelines that you should follow.","tip_label":"Pro Tip","tip":"Prioritize the best SPI practices if you want to increase user privacy. Strong encryption, only collecting necessary data, and handling exposure-related risks are all important.","additional_tips":null,"key_takeaways_label":"Key Takeaways: ","key_takeaways":[{"label":"Sensitive Personal Information (SPI) requires additional protection compared to general PII","body":""},{"label":"SPI includes information like race, genetic data, and medical information","body":""},{"label":"Following common SPI protection practices and adhering to legal obligations is essential","body":""}]}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/answer\/4375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/answer"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/answer"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"answers_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hocoos.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/answers_category?post=4375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}